The black cotton soil of India has been formed due to the weathering of
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Answer: B. Black (regur) soil formed from the weathering of basalt lava rocks of the Deccan Traps. These lavas came out through long cracks, which is called fissure eruption. So it comes from fissure volcanic rock.
Watch for: Granite gives red soil; basalt from fissure eruptions gives black soil.
Why the other options are wrong
- A. Wrong because brown forest soil is not the parent material of black soil.
- C. Wrong because granite and schist weather into red soil.
- D. Wrong because shale and limestone are not the parent rock of regur.
Source to check: NCERT Class 11, India Physical Environment, Chapter 6 Soils; NCERT Class 10 Geography, Chapter 1 Resources and Development
Answer from the official UPSC key. Written and fact-checked by AI against the official key. Spotted a mistake? Report it.